Informalidade como desvio: o problema da diferença na Agenda Do Trabalho Decente
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22398/2525-2828.0927121-147Palavras-chave:
Agenda do Trabalho Decente, Normas trabalhistas, Análise do discurso, Trabalho informalResumo
Mais da metade dos trabalhadores em todo o mundo encontra-se em situação de informalidade, atuando em empregos não padronizados e temporários que, frequentemente, mas nem sempre, são mal remunerados e desprovidos de proteção social. A Agenda do Trabalho Decente (ATD), idealizada pela Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT), foi amplamente adotada com o ob- jetivo de conciliar as demandas de trabalhadores e estados, promovendo o “trabalho decente para todos”. Um dos pilares centrais da ATD é a redução da informalidade. Contudo, quase uma década após sua implementação, a informalidade está em ascensão em muitos países. Este artigo examinou a base conceitual da ATD ao realizar os seguintes questionamentos: “Como a OIT com- preende o conceito de ‘trabalho’ na sua Agenda do Trabalho Decente de 2015?”, “Quais são as implicações para aqueles cujos direitos são protegidos dentro de projetos de governança global?”. A análise compila um corpus de 36 documentos da OIT para demonstrar três esquemas discursivos interligados: desenvolvimento, paternalismo e indiferença à cor. Embora a ATD represente um avanço nos discursos regulatórios, sua conceituação de trabalho configura a informalidade como uma condição de desvio. Esse enquadramento posiciona os trabalhadores informais, que frequen- temente enfrentam outras interseccionalidades vulneráveis, fora do alcance das proteções sociais contemporâneas. Gênero, raça, classe, localização e outros fatores influenciam diretamente a for- mação de políticas trabalhistas globais e nacionais. Alcançar condições equitativas para todos os trabalhadores exige enfrentar a complexidade inerente à informalidade.
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